Explore the Circle of Fifths

What is the Circle of Fifths?

The Circle of Fifths is a fundamental concept in music theory that organizes the 12 pitches of the chromatic scale into a circular diagram. It illustrates the relationships between different keys, aiding musicians and composers in understanding key signatures, chord progressions, and modulation.

Key Features of the Circle of Fifths
  • Visualizes all major and minor keys
  • Shows key signatures for each key
  • Illustrates relationships between keys and chords
  • Aids in composition and chord progression
  • Helps with transposition

Structure and Definition

The Circle of Fifths arranges musical notes in a sequence of perfect fifths, starting from C at the top (12 o'clock position) and proceeding clockwise. Each step represents a perfect fifth higher than the previous note.

Clockwise Sequence

C → G → D → A → E → B → F♯/G♭ → C♯/D♭ → G♯/A♭ → D♯/E♭ → A♯/B♭ → F

Major Keys

Located on the outer circle

Minor Keys

Located on the inner circle (relative to major keys)

Applications in Music

Key Signature Identification

Quickly determine the number of sharps or flats in any given key.

Chord Progressions

Create smooth transitions between chords using adjacent keys in the circle.

Modulation

Guide transitions from one key to another, especially to closely related keys.

Enharmonic Equivalents

Understand notes with two names, such as C♯ major and D♭ major.

Using Our Interactive Tool

Our online Circle of Fifths tool provides an interactive way to explore and learn about this fundamental music theory concept. Here's how you can use it:

  1. Change the clef by clicking the "Clef" button
  2. Hide key signatures with the "Hide key signatures" option
  3. Save the circle as a printable PDF file
  4. Click on any key to see its chords and scale degrees
  5. Explore the table below the circle for detailed chord information
  6. Play chords by clicking on them in the table

Historical Context

The Circle of Fifths has its roots in the late 17th century, with Russian composer Nikolay Diletsky laying the groundwork for this essential music theory tool. Since then, it has evolved into the current form used by musicians worldwide, enhancing musical understanding and creativity.

Start Exploring the Circle of Fifths

Whether you're a beginner learning music theory or an experienced musician looking to deepen your understanding, our Circle of Fifths tool is here to help. Start exploring now and unlock new insights into musical relationships and composition techniques.

Try the Tool Now